Sponsored by DNA Solutions
Recovering DNA from human remains is one of the most challenging areas in forensic science. Bone samples are often decades old with substantial DNA degradation and affected by additional factors such as fire, burial, or environmental deterioration, which increase degradation and inhibit PCR amplification. These factors present significant barriers to the successful extraction and profiling of DNA. Yet these samples also carry the key to identity, closure, and justice. At DNA Solutions, our team has focused on developing validated workflows that consistently deliver results, even from the most challenging samples.
Study Overview (2023–2025)
For this review, DNA Solutions examined 61 bone samples submitted between 2023 and 2025 by coroners, medical examiners, forensic laboratories, and international government labs. The goal of testing was to aid in human identification, confirm relationships, and support forensic investigations.
The bone types tested include:
- 38 femurs
- 8 teeth/molars
- 2 ribs
- 13 unidentified bone fragments
Methodology
Each bone was carefully prepared by removing 0.3-0.5 g of bone shavings, which were incubated in DNA Solutions’ Demineralization and Lysis buffer. DNA was then isolated and purified using Promega’s Maxwell 16 Tissue DNA Purification Kit on the Maxwell 16 instrument. DNA extracts were concentrated to ~50 µL using Amicon Ultra centrifugal filters, and amplified using Promega Fusion or Fusion 6C PCR kits.
This combination of optimized demineralization, purification, and concentration steps has proven essential for overcoming the inhibition and degradation often encountered in skeletal samples.
Results
Out of the 61 bone samples:
- 42 (69%) produced complete STR profiles
- 17 (28%) produced partial STR profiles suitable for interpretation and comparison
- 1 produced results at 6 loci, which was still interpretable under DNA Solutions’ protocols
- Only 1 sample (a heavily charred bone) yielded no results
Overall, 97% of bone samples tested produced interpretable DNA results, demonstrating the reliability of DNA Solutions’ protocol.
Why It Matters
Every successful profile represents more than a technical achievement-it represents a step closer to giving a name to unidentified remains, confirming family relationships, and solving cold cases. Whether supporting coroners, law enforcement, or international partners, DNA Solutions’ success with challenging skeletal material provides critical answers in cases where traditional testing might fail.
Looking Ahead
As the demand for advanced forensic testing continues to grow—particularly in cases involving historical remains, mass disasters, and long-term unidentified individuals—DNA Solutions remains committed to pushing the boundaries of what is possible in human remains DNA recovery. By refining methods and integrating emerging technologies, the lab continues to transform fragments of bone into powerful evidence of identity.
For more information on human remains testing, contact DNA Solutions at 405-271-6033 or hnasir@dnasolutionsusa.com.